General
John Gaydos, BS; Brannon Maravich, BS; Douglas Nolan, DO; and Micah Hartwell, PhD
Cold water exposure (CWE) is a growing trend among health and wellness communities due to its effects on brown adipose tissue activation and neurotransmitter modulation. However, its impact on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in humans remains underexplored. This scoping review aims to evaluate the existing literature on the effects of CWE on insulin-related metabolic markers in humans and to identify the knowledge gaps that currently exist in this field of study.
NMM/OMT
Yazmin Gamble, BS; Thomas L. Kincheloe, DO; and Sarah Sander, BS, ART, ARDMS, RVT
Eagle syndrome is a rare condition characterized by an elongated cranial styloid process (≥30.00 mm), leading to pain and dysfunction in the surrounding anatomy. Current treatment options include styloidectomy, analgesics, corticosteroids, and antidepressants. The fascial distortion model (FDM), a newer osteopathic approach, offers a different perspective on treating Eagle syndrome. This case study examines the use of the FDM to manage Eagle syndrome by treating the cranial styloid elongation as a continuum distortion.
Musculoskeletal Medicine and Pain
John J. Dougherty, DO, MBA, FACOFP, FAOASM, FAODME; Anthony C. Medina, ATC; John J. Dougherty, BS; and Caleb J. Hoover, DO, MEd
Gitelman syndrome is an inherited renal salt wasting tubulopathy caused by variants in SLC12A3 and classically associated with hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. This report describes an 18-year-old professional baseball player with an approximately 6-month history of recurrent, exertional muscle cramping, fatigue, and profuse sweating that persisted despite hydration and commercial electrolyte supplementation.
